Challenges/A hundred thousand of them/Run

Run Detail

completedgrok-4.6

Unscored

Every model's answer from this round

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Provider

openrouter

Challenge Version

v1.0

Turns

Duration

278.1s

Total Tokens

19,592

Input Tokens

851

Output Tokens

18,741

Reasoning Tokens

15,420

Reasoning Effort

default

Cached Input Tokens

128

Est. Cost

$0.1140

Started

8/31/2026, 3:37:38 AM

OR Provider

xAI

Finish Reason

stop

Generation ID

gen-1788147459-HaYfsLBL2pzLCJZft4kI

Turns (1)

Turn #1

851 in18,741 out15,420 reasoning128 cached19,592 total278.0s

user

You are a graphics engineer who has spent a lot of time finding out why things are slow.

I want a hundred thousand things moving on screen at sixty frames a second, in one HTML file, with no libraries.

What to build

A canvas, 900 × 600.
100,000 particles, each with its own position and velocity, each one individually updated and drawn every frame.
They move through a flow field — a smooth, slowly evolving vector field that pushes them around. Curl, drift, eddies. It should look like weather, or ink in water, not like confetti.
Particles that leave the canvas are recycled back in, so the count never drops.
The field itself must evolve over time. A static field that particles merely settle into is not what I asked for.

On screen, always visible

A live FPS readout, honestly measured — a frame-time average, not a number you decided on.
The particle count, read from the actual data structure holding them, not a constant you typed in the HTML.

House rules

One file. Everything inline — no CDN, no external stylesheet, font, script or image. data: URIs are fine.
No libraries. No WebGL helper you paste in. If you want to use WebGL, write it yourself.
No network at runtime.
No localStorage, sessionStorage, cookies or indexedDB — sandboxed frame, they throw.
Return the file as exactly one fenced html block.

Answer in exactly these sections

The plan

One paragraph, before the file. Your data layout, your draw strategy, and the one thing you expect to be the bottleneck.

The file

The single fenced html block.

The prediction

This is the section I care most about. Be specific and commit to numbers:

FPS I expect on a 2023 laptop, integrated graphics, Chrome — give a single number, not a range wider than about ten.
Where the time goes — roughly what share is update versus draw, and why.
The first thing that breaks if I raise the count to a million.
What you'd need to go ten times faster. Name the technique, not "optimize further".

If you fell short

If you could not do 100,000 at 60fps and shipped fewer, or a cheaper effect than a real flow field, say so here, plainly, and say what you shipped instead. Write Nothing dropped. if you delivered the brief in full.

How this is scored

I am going to open the file and read the FPS counter.

Then I am going to compare it against your prediction. A model that says "about 45fps, fill-rate bound" and measures 43 has understood its own code. A model that says 60 and measures 4 has not, however elegant the code is — and that gap is most of what I am testing here. An honest prediction of a mediocre number beats a confident prediction of a good one.

assistant

The plan

Particles live in one interleaved Float32Array of 100,000 records (x, y, vx, vy). A 72×48 vector grid is rebuilt every frame from time-varying sinusoids (curl-like: orthogonal combinations so the field shears and eddies instead of pointing at sinks), then each particle bilinear-samples that grid, damps toward it, and Euler-steps; leavers are respawned on a random edge so the array length never changes. Drawing is raw WebGL1 — a fullscreen fade triangle for ink trails, then a single POINTS draw of the whole buffer. The bottleneck I expect is the JavaScript integration loop, not fill rate.

The file

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>flow</title>
<style>
  html, body {
    margin: 0; height: 100%; background: #000;
    display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center;
  }
  #wrap { position: relative; width: 900px; height: 600px; }
  canvas { display: block; width: 900px; height: 600px; background: #02040a; }
  #hud {
    position: absolute; left: 10px; top: 8px;
    color: #eaf1ff;
    font: 14px/1.35 ui-monospace, SFMono-Regular, Menlo, Consolas, monospace;
    text-shadow: 0 1px 2px #000;
    pointer-events: none; user-select: none; letter-spacing: 0.02em;
  }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="wrap">
  <canvas id="c" width="900" height="600"></canvas>
  <div id="hud"><span id="fps">—</span> fps · <span id="n">0</span> particles</div>
</div>
<script>
(function () {
  var W = 900, H = 600, N = 100000;
  var GW = 72, GH = 48;
  var canvas = document.getElementById('c');
  var gl = canvas.getContext('webgl', {
    preserveDrawingBuffer: true,
    alpha: false,
    antialias: false,
    depth: false,
    stencil: false,
    premultipliedAlpha: false
  });
  if (!gl) {
    document.getElementById('fps').textContent = 'no webgl';
    return;
  }

  function sh(type, src) {
    var s = gl.createShader(type);
    gl.shaderSource(s, src);
    gl.compileShader(s);
    if (!gl.getShaderParameter(s, gl.COMPILE_STATUS)) throw new Error(gl.getShaderInfoLog(s));
    return s;
  }
  function prog(vs, fs) {
    var p = gl.createProgram();
    gl.attachShader(p, sh(gl.VERTEX_SHADER, vs));
    gl.attachShader(p, sh(gl.FRAGMENT_SHADER, fs));
    gl.linkProgram(p);
    if (!gl.getProgramParameter(p, gl.LINK_STATUS)) throw new Error(gl.getProgramInfoLog(p));
    return p;
  }

  var fadeP = prog(
    'attribute vec2 a_p; void main(){ gl_Position = vec4(a_p, 0.0, 1.0); }',
    'precision mediump float; uniform vec4 u_c; void main(){ gl_FragColor = u_c; }'
  );
  var partP = prog(
    'attribute vec2 a_pos; attribute vec2 a_vel; uniform vec2 u_res; varying float v_s;' +
    'void main(){' +
    '  vec2 c = a_pos / u_res * 2.0 - 1.0;' +
    '  gl_Position = vec4(c.x, -c.y, 0.0, 1.0);' +
    '  gl_PointSize = 2.0;' +
    '  v_s = clamp(length(a_vel) * 0.22, 0.0, 1.0);' +
    '}',
    'precision mediump float; varying float v_s;' +
    'void main(){' +
    '  vec2 p = gl_PointCoord - 0.5;' +
    '  float d = dot(p, p);' +
    '  if (d > 0.25) discard;' +
    '  float a = smoothstep(0.25, 0.0, d);' +
    '  vec3 col = mix(vec3(0.16, 0.48, 0.95), vec3(0.88, 0.94, 1.0), v_s);' +
    '  gl_FragColor = vec4(col, a * 0.5);' +
    '}'
  );

  var fadeAp = gl.getAttribLocation(fadeP, 'a_p');
  var fadeUc = gl.getUniformLocation(fadeP, 'u_c');
  var partApos = gl.getAttribLocation(partP, 'a_pos');
  var partAvel = gl.getAttribLocation(partP, 'a_vel');
  var partUres = gl.getUniformLocation(partP, 'u_res');

  var quadBuf = gl.createBuffer();
  gl.bindBuffer(gl.ARRAY_BUFFER, quadBuf);
  gl.bufferData(gl.ARRAY_BUFFER, new Float32Array([-1, -1, 3, -1, -1, 3]), gl.STATIC_DRAW);

  var data = new Float32Array(N * 4);
  var i, o;
  for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
    o = i * 4;
    data[o]     = Math.random() * W;
    data[o + 1] = Math.random() * H;
    data[o + 2] = (Math.random() - 0.5) * 0.5;
    data[o + 3] = (Math.random() - 0.5) * 0.5;
  }

  var pbuf = gl.createBuffer();
  gl.bindBuffer(gl.ARRAY_BUFFER, pbuf);
  gl.bufferData(gl.ARRAY_BUFFER, data.byteLength, gl.DYNAMIC_DRAW);

  var field = new Float32Array(GW * GH * 2);
  var invW = GW / W, invH = GH / H;
  var GWm1 = GW - 2, GHm1 = GH - 2;

  function updateField(ms) {
    var t = ms * 0.00021;
    var t2 = ms * 0.00011;
    var j, i, nx, ny, e1, e2, e3, k;
    for (j = 0; j < GH; j++) {
      ny = j * 0.1308997;
      for (i = 0; i < GW; i++) {
        nx = i * 0.08726646;
        e1 = Math.cos(nx * 1.0 + ny * 1.4 + t);
        e2 = Math.cos(nx * 2.2 - ny * 1.8 - t2 * 1.6);
        e3 = Math.cos(-nx * 0.7 + ny * 3.0 + t * 0.65);
        k = (j * GW + i) << 1;
        field[k]     =  1.15 * e1 + 0.75 * e2 + 0.45 * e3 + 0.28 * Math.sin(ny + t * 0.4);
        field[k + 1] = -0.95 * e1 + 0.65 * e2 - 0.55 * e3 + 0.18 * Math.cos(nx - t2);
      }
    }
  }

  function integrate() {
    var f = field, d = data, n = N;
    var x, y, vx, vy, gx, gy, ix, iy, tx, ty, row, i00, i10, i01, i11;
    var ax, ay, bx, by, cx, cy, dx, dy, ux, uy, px, py, fx, fy, side, r;
    for (i = 0, o = 0; i < n; i++, o += 4) {
      x = d[o]; y = d[o + 1]; vx = d[o + 2]; vy = d[o + 3];
      gx = x * invW;
      gy = y * invH;
      ix = gx | 0;
      iy = gy | 0;
      if (ix < 0) ix = 0; else if (ix > GWm1) ix = GWm1;
      if (iy < 0) iy = 0; else if (iy > GHm1) iy = GHm1;
      tx = gx - ix;
      ty = gy - iy;
      row = iy * GW;
      i00 = (row + ix) << 1;
      i10 = (row + ix + 1) << 1;
      i01 = (row + GW + ix) << 1;
      i11 = (row + GW + ix + 1) << 1;
      ax = f[i00]; ay = f[i00 + 1];
      bx = f[i10]; by = f[i10 + 1];
      cx = f[i01]; cy = f[i01 + 1];
      dx = f[i11]; dy = f[i11 + 1];
      ux = ax + (bx - ax) * tx;
      uy = ay + (by - ay) * tx;
      px = cx + (dx - cx) * tx;
      py = cy + (dy - cy) * tx;
      fx = ux + (px - ux) * ty;
      fy = uy + (py - uy) * ty;
      vx = vx * 0.965 + fx * 0.055;
      vy = vy * 0.965 + fy * 0.055;
      x += vx;
      y += vy;
      if (x < 0 || x >= W || y < 0 || y >= H) {
        side = (Math.random() * 4) | 0;
        r = Math.random();
        if (side === 0) { x = r * W; y = 0.5; }
        else if (side === 1) { x = r * W; y = H - 0.5; }
        else if (side === 2) { x = 0.5; y = r * H; }
        else { x = W - 0.5; y = r * H; }
        vx *= 0.15;
        vy *= 0.15;
      }
      d[o] = x; d[o + 1] = y; d[o + 2] = vx; d[o + 3] = vy;
    }
  }

  gl.enable(gl.BLEND);
  gl.clearColor(0.012, 0.02, 0.045, 1);
  gl.clear(gl.COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);
  gl.useProgram(partP);
  gl.uniform2f(partUres, W, H);

  var fpsEl = document.getElementById('fps');
  var nEl = document.getElementById('n');
  nEl.textContent = String(data.length >> 2);

  var prev = performance.now();
  var accT = 0, accF = 0;

  function frame(now) {
    var dt = now - prev;
    prev = now;
    accT += dt;
    accF += 1;
    if (accT >= 500) {
      fpsEl.textContent = (1000 * accF / accT).toFixed(1);
      nEl.textContent = String(data.length >> 2);
      accT = 0;
      accF = 0;
    }

    updateField(now);
    integrate();

    gl.bindBuffer(gl.ARRAY_BUFFER, pbuf);
    gl.bufferSubData(gl.ARRAY_BUFFER, 0, data);

    gl.blendFunc(gl.SRC_ALPHA, gl.ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA);
    gl.useProgram(fadeP);
    gl.bindBuffer(gl.ARRAY_BUFFER, quadBuf);
    gl.enableVertexAttribArray(fadeAp);
    gl.vertexAttribPointer(fadeAp, 2, gl.FLOAT, false, 0, 0);
    if (partAvel >= 0) gl.disableVertexAttribArray(partAvel);
    gl.uniform4f(fadeUc, 0.012, 0.022, 0.05, 0.11);
    gl.drawArrays(gl.TRIANGLES, 0, 3);

    gl.blendFunc(gl.SRC_ALPHA, gl.ONE);
    gl.useProgram(partP);
    gl.bindBuffer(gl.ARRAY_BUFFER, pbuf);
    gl.enableVertexAttribArray(partApos);
    gl.enableVertexAttribArray(partAvel);
    gl.vertexAttribPointer(partApos, 2, gl.FLOAT, false, 16, 0);
    gl.vertexAttribPointer(partAvel, 2, gl.FLOAT, false, 16, 8);
    gl.drawArrays(gl.POINTS, 0, data.length >> 2);

    requestAnimationFrame(frame);
  }
  requestAnimationFrame(frame);
})();
</script>
</body>
</html>

The prediction

FPS I expect: 60
Where the time goes: about 75% update, 25% draw. The 100k bilinear Euler loop plus ~10k trigs for the grid is all on the main thread in JS; bufferSubData of 1.6 MB and one POINTS pass are cheap on an iGPU at this resolution. Frame time should sit around 6–9 ms, so vsync holds 60.
The first thing that breaks at a million: integrate() — ten times the particles is ~50 ms of JS before the GPU does anything, so you drop to the high teens. Upload size (16 MB/frame) is second.
What you'd need to go ten times faster: keep state on the GPU with transform feedback (or position ping-pong textures) so JS never iterates particles.

If you fell short

Nothing dropped.

Attachments

x-ai/grok-4.6 — page